Taxonomy for Biology Articles-11th Class: Difference between revisions
From Vidyalayawiki
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| (45 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 2,663: | Line 2,663: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|[[ | |[[पेरिडर्म]] | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 3,647: | Line 3,647: | ||
| | | | ||
|Sugars (Carbohydrates) | |Sugars (Carbohydrates) | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,677: | Line 3,677: | ||
| | | | ||
|Serine | |Serine | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,697: | Line 3,697: | ||
| | | | ||
|Glycerol | |Glycerol | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,727: | Line 3,727: | ||
| | | | ||
|Cholesterol | |Cholesterol | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,737: | Line 3,737: | ||
| | | | ||
|Adenine (Purine) | |Adenine (Purine) | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,767: | Line 3,767: | ||
| | | | ||
|Uracil (Pyrimidine) | |Uracil (Pyrimidine) | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,837: | Line 3,837: | ||
| | | | ||
|Proteins | |Proteins | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,867: | Line 3,867: | ||
| | | | ||
|Structure of protein | |Structure of protein | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,897: | Line 3,897: | ||
| | | | ||
|Peptide bond | |Peptide bond | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 3,997: | Line 3,997: | ||
| | | | ||
|Inhibition | |Inhibition | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 4,047: | Line 4,047: | ||
| | | | ||
|Isomerases | |Isomerases | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 4,417: | Line 4,417: | ||
| | | | ||
|Active transport | |Active transport | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 4,427: | Line 4,427: | ||
| | | | ||
|Passive transport | |Passive transport | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 4,487: | Line 4,487: | ||
| | | | ||
|Plasmolysis | |Plasmolysis | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 4,537: | Line 4,537: | ||
| | | | ||
|Imbibition | |Imbibition | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 4,947: | Line 4,947: | ||
| | | | ||
|xanthophylls | |xanthophylls | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 4,957: | Line 4,957: | ||
| | | | ||
|carotenoids | |carotenoids | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,097: | Line 5,097: | ||
| | | | ||
|Calvin cycle | |Calvin cycle | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,137: | Line 5,137: | ||
| | | | ||
|Kranz’ anatomy | |Kranz’ anatomy | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,157: | Line 5,157: | ||
| | | | ||
|Photorespiration | |Photorespiration | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,197: | Line 5,197: | ||
| | | | ||
|Cellular respiration | |Cellular respiration | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,217: | Line 5,217: | ||
| | | | ||
|glycolysis | |glycolysis | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,227: | Line 5,227: | ||
| | | | ||
|Krebs’ cycle | |Krebs’ cycle | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,237: | Line 5,237: | ||
| | | | ||
|Fermentation | |Fermentation | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,247: | Line 5,247: | ||
| | | | ||
|Aerobic respiration | |Aerobic respiration | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,257: | Line 5,257: | ||
| | | | ||
|Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle | |Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,307: | Line 5,307: | ||
| | | | ||
|Citric acid Cycle | |Citric acid Cycle | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,327: | Line 5,327: | ||
| | | | ||
|Anaerobic respiration | |Anaerobic respiration | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,607: | Line 5,607: | ||
| | | | ||
|Digestion | |Digestion | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,617: | Line 5,617: | ||
| | | | ||
|Digestive system | |Digestive system | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,627: | Line 5,627: | ||
| | | | ||
|Alimentary Canal | |Alimentary Canal | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,657: | Line 5,657: | ||
| | | | ||
|Cardiac | |Cardiac | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,687: | Line 5,687: | ||
| | | | ||
|Digestive glands | |Digestive glands | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,697: | Line 5,697: | ||
| | | | ||
|Bolus | |Bolus | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,737: | Line 5,737: | ||
| | | | ||
|Absorption of digested products | |Absorption of digested products | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,747: | Line 5,747: | ||
| | | | ||
|Mouth | |Mouth | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,767: | Line 5,767: | ||
| | | | ||
|Small Intestine | |Small Intestine | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,777: | Line 5,777: | ||
| | | | ||
|Large Intestine | |Large Intestine | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,797: | Line 5,797: | ||
| | | | ||
|Vomiting | |Vomiting | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,807: | Line 5,807: | ||
| | | | ||
|Diarrhoea | |Diarrhoea | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,817: | Line 5,817: | ||
| | | | ||
|Constipation | |Constipation | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,827: | Line 5,827: | ||
| | | | ||
|Indigestion | |Indigestion | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 5,837: | Line 5,837: | ||
| | | | ||
|Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) | |Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) | ||
| | |shahana rizvi | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 6,887: | Line 6,887: | ||
| | | | ||
|Cardiac muscles | |Cardiac muscles | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 6,947: | Line 6,947: | ||
| | | | ||
|Axial skeleton | |Axial skeleton | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 6,967: | Line 6,967: | ||
| | | | ||
|vertebral column | |vertebral column | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 6,987: | Line 6,987: | ||
| | | | ||
|Ribs | |Ribs | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 6,997: | Line 6,997: | ||
| | | | ||
|Appendicular skeleton | |Appendicular skeleton | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,007: | Line 7,007: | ||
| | | | ||
|limb | |limb | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,017: | Line 7,017: | ||
| | | | ||
|Pectoral and Pelvic girdle | |Pectoral and Pelvic girdle | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,027: | Line 7,027: | ||
| | | | ||
|Fibrous joints | |Fibrous joints | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,037: | Line 7,037: | ||
| | | | ||
|cartilaginous joints | |cartilaginous joints | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,047: | Line 7,047: | ||
| | | | ||
|Synovial joints | |Synovial joints | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,057: | Line 7,057: | ||
| | | | ||
|Myasthenia gravis | |Myasthenia gravis | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,067: | Line 7,067: | ||
| | | | ||
|Muscular dystrophy | |Muscular dystrophy | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,077: | Line 7,077: | ||
| | | | ||
|Tetany | |Tetany | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,087: | Line 7,087: | ||
| | | | ||
|Arthritis | |Arthritis | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,097: | Line 7,097: | ||
| | | | ||
|Osteoporosis | |Osteoporosis | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,103: | Line 7,103: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |सन्धिवात | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 7,137: | Line 7,137: | ||
| | | | ||
|Central neural system (CNS) | |Central neural system (CNS) | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 7,147: | Line 7,147: | ||
| | | | ||
|Peripheral neural system (PNS) | |Peripheral neural system (PNS) | ||
| | |shahana | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
Latest revision as of 21:04, 10 October 2024
| S.No. | इकाई | अध्याय | विषय | Unit - 1 | Chapter | Topic | Article Creator Name | Review by IIT Kanpur |
| इकाई - एक | ||||||||
| 1 | जीव जगत में विविधता | Diversity in the living world | ||||||
| जीव जगत | The living world | |||||||
| जीव | living | |||||||
| वृद्धि | Growth | |||||||
| जनन | Reproduction | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| उपापचयन | Metabolism | |||||||
| जैविक विविधता | Biodiversity | |||||||
| नाम पद्धति | Nomenclature | |||||||
| द्विपदनाम पद्धति | Binomial Nomenclature | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| टैक्सा | Taxa | |||||||
| वर्गिकी | Taxonomy | |||||||
| जाति (स्पीशीज) | Species | |||||||
| वंश | Genus | |||||||
| गण | order | |||||||
| संघ | Phylum | |||||||
| हरबेरियम | Herbarium | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| वनस्पति-उद्यान | Botanical Garden | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| संग्रहालय | Museum | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| प्राणि उद्यान | Zoological park | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| 2 | जीव जगत का वर्गीकरण | Biological Classification | ||||||
| द्विजगत पद्धति | Dual system | |||||||
| आध बैक्टीरिया | Archaebacteria | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| यूबैक्टीरिया | Eubacteria | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| सायनोबैक्टीरिया | Cyanobacteria | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| परपोषी बैक्टीरिया | Parasitic Bacteria | |||||||
| प्रोटिस्टा जगत | Protista Kingdom | |||||||
| क्राइसोफाइट्स | Chrysophytes | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| डायनोफ्लैजिलेट | Dinoflagellates | |||||||
| यूग्लेनॉइड्स | Euglenoids | |||||||
| अवपंक कवक | scale fungus | |||||||
| प्रोटोजोआ | Protozoa | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| कवक | Fungi | |||||||
| फाइकोमाइसिटीज | Phycomycetes | |||||||
| एस्कोमाइसिटीज | Ascomycetes | |||||||
| बेसिडियोमाइसिटीज | Basidiomycetes | |||||||
| डयूटिरोमाइसिटीज | Deuteromycetes | |||||||
| पादप जगत | Plantae Kingdom | |||||||
| जंतु जगत | Animal kingdom | |||||||
| विषाणु | Virus | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| वाइराइड | Viroid | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| प्रिऑन | Prione | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| लाइकेन | Lichen | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| शैवालांश | Algae | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| माइकोवायंट | Mycovyant | |||||||
| 3 | वनस्पति जगत | Plant Kingdom | ||||||
| शैवाल | Algae | |||||||
| जूस्पोर | Zoospores | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| समयुग्मकी | homozygous | |||||||
| असमयुग्मकी | heterozygous | |||||||
| नरयुग्मक | Male gametes | |||||||
| लाल शैवाल | Red algae | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| कैरागीन | carrageen | |||||||
| क्लोरोफाइसी (हरा शैवाल) | Chlorophyceae (green algae) | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| फियोफाइसी (भूरा शैवाल) | phaeophyceae (Brown Algae) | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| रोडोफाइसी (लाल शैवाल) | Rhodophyceae | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| ब्रायोफाइट्स | Bryophytes | |||||||
| युग्मकोभिद | Gametophyte | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| पुंधानी | Antheridium | |||||||
| स्त्रीधानी | Archegonium | |||||||
| स्पोरोफाइट | Sporophyte | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| लिवरवर्ट | Livervart | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| मॉस | Moss | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| टेरिडोफाइट | pteridophytes | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| जिमनोस्पर्म | Gymnosperm | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| एंजियोस्पेर्म | Angiosperms | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| परागण | pollination | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| पीढ़ी एकान्तरण | Alternation of generations | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| बीजाणु उद्भिद (स्पोरोफिटिक) | Sporophyte | |||||||
| 4 | प्राणी जगत | Animal Kingdom | ||||||
| एक्टोडर्म | Ectoderm | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| एंडोडर्म | Endoderm | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| मीजोडर्म | Mesoderm | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| देहगुहा (प्रगुहा) | Coelom | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| सैगमेंटेशन (खंडीभवन) | Segmentation | |||||||
| विखंडावस्था | metameric segmentation | |||||||
| पृष्ठरज्जु | Notochord | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| संघ पोरिफेरा | Phylum Porifera | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| ऑस्टिया | Austia | |||||||
| स्पंज गुहा | Spongocoel | |||||||
| ऑस्कुलम | Osculam | |||||||
| कोएनोसाइट | Choanocytes | |||||||
| नाल तंत्र | canals | |||||||
| ओस्टिया | Ostia | |||||||
| स्पांजिला | Spongilla | |||||||
| यूस्पॉन्जिया | Euspongia | |||||||
| फाइलम सीलेन्ट्रेटा | Phylum – Coelenterata (Cnidaria) | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| दंश कोशिका | Nematocysts | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| नाइडोब्लास्ट | Cnidoblasts | |||||||
| संघ टीनोफोर | Phylum – Ctenophora | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| संघ प्लेटीहेल्मिन्थीज (चपटे कृमि) | Phylum – Platyhelminthes | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| संघ एस्केल्मिन्थीज (गोलकृमि) | Phylum – Aschelminthes | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| संघ एनेलिडा | Phylum – Annelida | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| पैरापोडिया | Parapodia | |||||||
| वृक्कक | Nephridia | |||||||
| नेफ्रीडियम | Nephridium | |||||||
| संघ आर्थोपोडा | Phylum – Arthropoda | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| संधियुक्त पाद | Jointed appendages | |||||||
| मैलपिगी नलिका | Malpighian tubules | |||||||
| संघ मोलस्का | Phylum mollusca | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| रेडुला | Radula | |||||||
| संघ इकोनोडर्मेटा | Phylum Echinodermata | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| जल संवहन तंत्र | Water vascular system | |||||||
| संघ हेमीकोर्डेटा | Phylum – Hemichordata | Deeksha Dwivedi | ||||||
| क्लोम छिद्र | Gill slits | |||||||
| उपास्थिल मेरुदंड | Notochord | |||||||
| वर्ग-साइक्लोस्टोमेटा | Class – Cyclostomata | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| वर्ग-कांड्रीक्थीज | Class – Chondrichthyes | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| ऑपरकुलम | Operculum | |||||||
| वर्ग- एम्फीबिया | Class – Amphibia | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| कर्णपटल | Tympanum | |||||||
| अवस्कर | Cloaca | |||||||
| वर्ग- सरीसृप | Class – Reptilia | |||||||
| प्रशल्क | Scales | |||||||
| वर्ग एवीज | Class – Aves | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| समतापी | Homoiothermous | |||||||
| वर्ग स्तनधारी | Class – Mammalia | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| स्तनग्रंथि | Mammary glands | |||||||
| इकाई - दो | Unit- 2 | |||||||
| पादप एवं प्राणियों में संरचनात्मक संगठन | Structural Organisation in Plants and Animals | |||||||
| 5 | पुष्पी पादपों की आकारिकी | Morphology of Flowering Plants | ||||||
| आकारिकी | Morphology | shahana rizvi | ||||||
| प्राथमिक मूल | Primary root | |||||||
| द्वितीयक मूल | Secondary Root | |||||||
| तृतीयक मूल | Tertiary root | |||||||
| मूसला मूलतंत्र | Tap root system | |||||||
| झकड़ा मूलतंत्र | Fibrous root | |||||||
| अपस्थानिक मूल | Adventitious roots | |||||||
| मूल गोप | Root cap | |||||||
| मेरिस्टमी क्रियाओं का क्षेत्र | Region of meristematic activity | |||||||
| दीर्घीकरण क्षेत्र | Region of elongation | |||||||
| परिपक्व क्षेत्र | Region of maturation | |||||||
| मूलरोम | Root hairs | |||||||
| प्रोप रुट | Prop roots | |||||||
| अवस्तम्भ रूट | Stilt roots | |||||||
| श्वसन मूल | pneumatophores | |||||||
| प्रतान | Tendrils | |||||||
| पर्णाधार | leaf base | |||||||